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1. Including the Hymn Book by the Catholic Diocese of Honolulu (Hawaii).
2. The first concept of basic equality I shall call Equal Worth: each individual’s good is of equal moral significance. It is a concept variously expressed throughout.

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Hypatia - Wikipedia. Hypatia (. 3. 50–3.

AD). Around 4. 00, she became head of the Neoplatonist School in Alexandria. Having succeeded to the school of Plato and Plotinus, she explained the principles of philosophy to her auditors, many of whom came from a distance to receive her instructions. On account of the self- possession and ease of manner which she had acquired in consequence of the cultivation of her mind, she not infrequently appeared in public in the presence of the magistrates. Neither did she feel abashed in going to an assembly of men. For all men on account of her extraordinary dignity and virtue admired her the more.

For example, Kathleen Wider proposes that the murder of Hypatia marked the end of Classical antiquity. Orestes, the Roman governor of Alexandria, and Cyril, the Bishop of Alexandria, engaged in a bitter feud in which Hypatia eventually became a main point of contention. Watch Warcraft (2016) Free Online. Orestes published an edict that outlined new regulations for such gatherings, and crowds gathered to read the edict shortly after it was posted in the city's theater.

The edict angered Christians as well as Jews. At one such gathering, Hierax, a devout Christian follower of Cyril, read the edict and applauded the new regulations. Many people felt that Hierax was attempting to incite the crowd into sedition.

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Orestes reacted swiftly and violently out of what Scholasticus suspected was . He ordered Hierax to be seized and tortured publicly in the theater. Hearing of Hierax's severe and public punishment, Cyril threatened to retaliate against the Jews of Alexandria with .

In response to Cyril's threat, the Jews of Alexandria grew even more furious, eventually resorting to violence against the Christians. Socrates of Constantinople's account says that the Jews had plotted to flush out the Christians at night by running through the streets claiming that the Church of Alexander was on fire.

Christians had then responded to what they believed was their church burning down, and . According to the accusation, the Jews of Alexandria could not hide their guilt when the morning came, and Cyril, along with many of his followers, took to the city's synagogues in search of the perpetrators of the massacre. Cyril rounded up all the Jews in Alexandria, then ordered them to be stripped of all possessions, banished them from Alexandria, and allowed their goods to be pillaged by the remaining citizens of Alexandria. Overlooking the supposed massacre of the night before, . Eventually, Cyril attempted to reach out to Orestes through several peace overtures, including attempted mediation. When that failed, he made an appeal to Orestes's allegiances as a Christian Roman. Nevertheless, Orestes remained unmoved by such gestures.

Meanwhile, approximately 5. Nitria who were . They heard of the ongoing feud between the Governor and Bishop and descended into Alexandria armed and prepared to fight alongside Cyril. Upon their arrival, the monks intercepted Orestes's chariot and proceeded to bombard and harass him, calling him a pagan idolater.

In response to such allegations, Orestes countered that he was actually a Christian and had even been baptized by Atticus, the Bishop of Constantinople. The monks paid little attention to Orestes's claims of Christianity, and one of the monks named Ammonius struck Orestes in the head with a rock, causing him to bleed profusely. At this point, Orestes's guards fled in fear, but a nearby crowd of Alexandrians came to his aid. Ammonius was subsequently captured and ordered to be tortured for his actions, during which he died. Following the death of Ammonius, Cyril ordered that he henceforth be remembered as a martyr. Such a proclamation did not sit well with . This fact, according to Scholasticus, became apparent to Cyril through general lack of enthusiasm for Ammonius's case for martyrdom.

Scholasticus then introduces Hypatia, the female philosopher of Alexandria and the woman who became a target of the Christian anger that was inflamed during the feud. She was the daughter of Theon and a teacher trained in the philosophical schools of Plato and Plotinus. She was admired by most for her dignity and virtue. Scholasticus writes that Hypatia ultimately fell .

Orestes was known to seek her counsel, and a rumor spread among the Christian community of Alexandria blaming her for Orestes's unwillingness to reconcile with Cyril. A mob of Christians gathered, led by a reader (i. Peter, whom Scholasticus calls a fanatic.

They kidnapped Hypatia on her way home and took her to the . They then completely stripped her, and then murdered her with tiles.

News of Hypatia's murder provoked great public denouncement, not only against Cyril but against the whole Alexandrian Christian community. Socrates closes with a lament: . This account demonizes Hypatia and Orestes directly, while validating all Christians involved in the events John describes. The Chronicle is more biased on the matter of the historical feud, omitting several points of the narrative that are included in Socrates' account.

Moreover, the bishop claimed that Orestes himself persuaded others to leave the Church in favor of Hypatia's philosophical teachings and went as far as to host such . Cyril, curious to see why the edict caused such an uproar, sent Hierax, a .

Meanwhile, the Jews who gathered in anger over the edict believed that Hierax had come only for the sake of provocation (which, according to Socrates’ text, was Hierax's intent). Upon this assumption, Orestes had Hierax punished for a crime for which . Cyril then warned the Jews against any further harm upon the Christians.

However, with the support of Orestes, the Jews felt confident in defying Cyril's authority, and so one night ran through the streets proclaiming: . In so doing, Cyril allowed the pillaging of their possessions, and soon after purified all the synagogues in the city and made them into Churches. Hd Video 720P The Living (2015).

In the expulsion of the Jews, Orestes was unable to offer them any assistance. Shortly thereafter, a group of Christians, under Peter the magistrate, went looking for Hypatia, the . They found her sitting in a chair, at which point they seized and brought her to . Then they dragged her through the streets of Alexandria until she died and burned her remains.

John's description of Hypatia's death also differs from that of Socrates. Following the death of Hypatia, Bishop Cyril was named . With the death of Hypatia, John writes, the Christians had expelled the last remnant of pagan idolatry. Comparison of the two accounts.

For as she had frequent interviews with Orestes, it was calumniously reported among the Christian populace that it was she who prevented Orestes from being reconciled to the bishop. Some of them, therefore, hurried away by a fierce and bigoted zeal, whose ringleader was a reader named Peter, waylaid her returning home and, dragging her from her carriage, they took her to the church called Caesareum, where they completely stripped her, and then murdered her with tiles. After tearing her body in pieces, they took her mangled limbs to a place called Cinaron, and there burnt them. A multitude of believers in God arose under the guidance of Peter the Magistrate .. And when they learnt the place where she was, they proceeded to her and found her .. Now this was in the days of the fast. And they tore off her clothing and dragged her ..

And they carried her to a place named Cinaron, and they burned her body with fire. Many of the works commonly attributed to her are believed to have been collaborative works with her father, Theon Alexandricus. This kind of authorial uncertainty is typical for female philosophers in antiquity. The view was based on the title of the commentary on the third book of Almagest, which read: . Thus, the extant text of Almagest could have been prepared, at least partly, by Hypatia.

However, the hydrometer was invented before Hypatia, and already known in her time.

Free Traditional Catholic Books - Catholic Tradition - Traditional Catholic Reading. Thanks to technology, and perhaps due to Christianity’s low status in our modern liberal age, there is a  fantastic treasure trove of good, traditional Catholic books available for free or near- free.

Below are links to valuable and timeless Catholic texts (including those written by great saints and Fathers and Doctors of the Church) that you can read and download for free. Take advantage of this – they have changed my life and will change yours, too. Tolle et lege! Please say  a prayer for my sanctification. May God reward you for your charity.(Due to the length of the book list it has become necessary to split it in two. The second part can be found here.)NOTE ABOUT THE SEARCH FUNCTION: The searched for terms will be highlighted in yellow throughout all the pages.

If you are searching for a precise phrase (e. Then go to either of the book pages and scroll down through the text to see the highlighted phrases. If you can’t find the book you’re looking for submit a comment and I’ll try to help.

Catholic life, path to holiness The Imitation of Christ (Thomas a Kempis) – pdf, text, audio; or audiobook here; or pdf here and here. Uniformity with God’s Will (St. Alphonsus de Liguori) – pdf, text, audio; pdf also here; or read online here; or audiobook here: part 1, part 2, or here. Humility of Heart (Fr. Alphonsus de Liguori) – pdf; also here.

Abandonment to Divine Providence (Jean- Pierre de Caussade) – pdf, text, audio; or audio here; or pdf here. Trustful Surrender to Divine Providence (St. Claude de la Colombiere) – pdf. The Holy Will of God: A Short Rule of Perfection (Fr. Canfield) – pdf, text, kindle format.

Letter to the Friends of the Cross (St. Louis Marie de Montfort) – pdf; or read online here; or audiobook here: part 1, part 2. The Spiritual Combat (Fr. Lorenzo Scupoli) – pdf, text, kindle; or audiobook here (1. The Practice of the Love of Jesus Christ (St. Alphonsus de Liguori) – pdf; or here text, kindle format.

Preparation for Death (St. Alphonsus de Liguori) – pdf; or audiobook here (various parts)The Art of Dying Well (St.

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Alphonsus Rodriguez) – pdf, text, kindle format (both volumes); or doc format: Vol I; Vol II Introduction to the Devout Life (St. Francis of Sales) – pdf, text; or pdf here; or audiobook here (various parts)The Treatise on the Love of God (St. Francis de Sales) – read online; or pdf here; or audiobook here. The Ladder of Divine Ascent (St.

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Henry Suso) – pdf, text. Calamities, Chastisement and the Love of God (St. Alphonsus de Liguori) – pdf, text, kindle; or pdf here.

Practice of the Presence of God: The Best Rule for Holy Life (Brother Lawrence) – pdf, text, audio; or pdf here. On Loving God (St. Bernard of Clairvaux) – pdf, text, audio; or pdf here; or read online here. Holiness of Life (St. Bonaventure) – pdf; or audiobook here.

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Ignatius of Loyola (St. Ignatius) – pdf, text, audio; or pdf here and here. The End of This Present World and the Mysteries of the Life to Come (Fr. Charles  Arminjon) – pdf, kindle.

A Sinner’s Guide (Ven. Luis de Granada) – pdf. A Memorial of Christian Life (Ven.

Luis de Granada) – pdf, text, kindle format. All for Jesus: The Easy Ways of Divine Love (Fr.

Faber) – pdf, text, kindle format. Growth in Holiness, Or The Progress of the Spiritual Life (Fr. Faber) – pdf, text, kindle format.

On Union with God (St. Albert the Great) – pdf, text, kindle format; or pdf here; or audiobook here. Christian Directory: Guiding Men to Their Eternal Salvation (Fr. Parsons) – pdf; or pdf, text, kindle here. Jesus Appeals to the World (Fr. Consolata Betrone) – pdf. The Littlest Way of Love: Message from the Heart of Jesus to Sr.

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Paone) – pdf, text, kindle format; or audiobook here (various parts)Prayer: The Great Means of Salvation and of Perfection (St. Alphonsus) – read online; or audiobook (various parts – all links here)Prayer, the Key of Salvation (Fr. Mueller) – pdf, text, kindle format; or audiobook here (various parts)How to Be Happy, How to Be Holy (Fr. O’Sullivan) – audiobook (8 parts); or also here  .

Girardey) – audiobook. Prayer, the Great Means of Grace – audiobook: part 1, part 2; or also here. The Ways of Mental Prayer (Dom V.

Lehodey) – pdf, text, kindle format. An Easy Method of Meditation (Fr. Schouppe) – pdf. A Golden Treatise of Mental Prayer (St. Peter of Alcantara) – pdf, text, kindle format. Holy Wisdom: Directions for the Prayer of Contemplation (Fr. Augustine Baker) – pdf; or read online here. Progress Through Mental Prayer (Fr.

Leen) – read online. The Practice of Mental Prayer (Fr. Garrigou- Lagrange) – read online; or epub here.

The Three Conversions in the Spiritual Life (Fr. Garrigou- Lagrange) – epub. Christian Perfection and Contemplation (Fr. Garrigou- Lagrange) – pdf; or pdf, epub here. The Love of God and the Cross of Jesus (Fr.

Garrigou- Lagrange) – pdf: volume I, volume IIThe Theology of Christian Perfection (Fr. Royo Marin) – pdf. Spiritual Maxims (J. Grou) – pdf. The Paths of Goodness: Some Helpful Thoughts on Spiritual Progress (Fr.

Garesche) – pdf. Solid Virtue: On the Obstacles to Solid Virtue, the Means of Acquiring, and Motives for Practicing It (Fr. Bellecius) – pdf. The Following of Christ (Fr. Tauler) – pdf, text, kindle format; or read online and pdf here. The Friendship of Christ (Mons. Benson) – audiobook; or read online here Sufferings Sanctified – audiobook: part 1, part 2; or also here.

The Ideal of Reparations (Fr. Plus) – pdf, text, kindle format. The Agonizing Heart – Salvation of the Dying, Consolation of the Afflicted (Fr. Blot) – pdf, text, kindle: volume I, volume IIThe Cloud of Unknowing (Anonymous, 1.

The Spiritual Ascent: A Devotional Treatise (Gerard Zerbolt of Zutphen) – pdf, text, kindle format. The Wisdom of the Desert (James O. Hannay) – pdf, kindle format; or read online here. Half- Hours with the Saints and Servants of God (classified and divided by topic) – pdf, text, kindle format. Light and Peace: Instructions for Devout Souls to Dispel Their Doubts and Allay Their Fears (Fr.

Quadrupani) – audiobook; or read online and pdf here. Directorium Asceticum: Guide to the Spiritual Life (Fr.

Scaramelli) – vol. IVManual of Christian Perfection (Fr. Scaramelli; P. Stockman) – pdf, text, kindle format. Manual of Self- Knowledge and Christian Perfection (Fr. Schagemann) – pdf, text, kindle format. Three Fundamental Principles of the Spiritual Life (Fr. Mechler) – pdf, text, kindle format.

The Foundations of the Spiritual Life (Fr. Surin) – pdf, text, kindle format. The spiritual doctrine of Father Louis Lallemant (Fr. Lallemant, Fr. Faber) – pdf, text, kindle format. Spiritual Theology (Fr.

Jordan Aumann) – pdf, text, kindle format. The Spiritual Life: A Treatise on Ascetical and Mystical Theology (Fr. Tanqueray) – pdf, text, kindle. The Mystical Evolution (Fr. Arintero) – pdf: volume I, volume IIA Manual of Mystical Theology (Fr. Devine) – pdf, text, kindle format.

Remember, or, Thoughts on: The End of Man, The Four Last Things, The Passion of Our Lord, Human Suffering, Humility and Patience (Fr. Lasance) – pdf. My Spiritual Exercises (Fr.

Kearney) – audiobook (various parts)Meditations on the Love of God (Fr. Diego de Estella) – pdf, text, kindle format.

Meditations on the Mysteries of Our Holy Faith (Fr.